Enzymes Used In Food Processing (as compiled by the ETA Members)
Following is a list of enzymes used in food processing.Many are also listed in the Food Chemicals Codex.
Enzyme Preparations Used in Food Processing
TRIVIAL NAME |
CLASS |
SOURCE |
SYSTEMATIC NAMES (IUB)a |
IUB NO.a |
CAS NO.b |
α -Amylase |
Carbohydrase |
(1) Aspergillus niger var.(2) Aspergillus oryzae var.(3) Rhizopus oryzae var.(4) Bacillus subtilis*d-Bacillus subtilisd-Bacillus subtilis(5) Barley malt(Malted Cereals)(6) Animal Pancreas(7) Bacillus licheniformis*d-Bacillus licheniformisd-Bacillus licheniformis(8) Bacillus stearothermophilus(9) Bacillus subtilis*d-Bacillus megaterium(10) Bacillus subtilis*d-Bacillus stearothermophilusd-Bacillus stearothermophilus(11) MicrobacteriumimperialeEndomyces spp. |
1,4-a -D-glucan glucanohydrolase |
3.2.1.1 |
9000-90-2 |
Amino-peptidase |
Protease |
Rhizopus oryzae |
a -Aminoacyl-peptide hydrolase |
3.4.11.11 |
|
AMP Deaminase |
Adenosine Deaminase |
Aspergillus melleus |
AMP aminohydrolase |
3.5.4.6 |
9025-10-9 |
beta-Amylase |
Carbohydrase |
(1) Barley Malt(2) Barley(3) Malted Cereals,WheatBacillus megateriumBacillus cereus |
1,4- a -D-glucanmaltohydrolase |
3.2.1.2 |
9000-91-3 |
Bromelain |
Protease |
Pineapples: Ananas ComosusAnanas Bracteatus (L) Ananas bracteatus (L) |
none |
3.4.22.323.4.22.33 |
37189-34-79001-00-7 |
Catalase |
Oxidoreductase |
(1) Aspergillus niger* d-Aspergillus niger (2) bovine liver (3) Micrococcus lysodeikticus Penicillium spp. |
hydrogen peroxide: hydrogen peroxide oxidoreductase |
1.11.1.6 |
9001-05-2 |
Cellulase |
Carbohydrase |
(1) Aspergillus niger var. (2) Trichoderma longibrachiatum (formerly reesei) (3) Trichoderma viride() Aspergillus sojae Penicillium spp. Penicillium funiculasum |
Endo-1,4-(1,3;1,4)-b -D-glucan 4-glucanohydrolase |
3.2.1.4 |
9012-54-8 |
Chymosin |
Protease |
(1) Aspergillus niger var. awamori* d-calf prochymosin gene (2) Escherichia coli K-12* d-calf prochymosin gene (3) Kluyveromyces marxianus* d-calf prochymosin gene Abomasum of unweaned calf,lamb,kid |
cleaves a single bond in kappa casein |
3.4.23.4 |
9001-98-3 |
Chymotrypsin |
Protease |
Bovine or porcinePancreatic extract |
none |
3.4.21.1 |
9004-07-3 |
Dextranase |
Carbohydrase |
(1) Chaetomium erraticum Penicillium funicinum Penicillium lilacinum Klebsiella aeragenes
|
1,6- a -D-glucan 6-glucanohydrolase |
3.2.1.11 |
9025-70-1 |
Ficin |
Protease |
figs: Ficus sp. |
none |
3.4.22.3 |
9001-33-6 |
a -Galactosidase |
Carbohydrase |
(1) Mortierella vinacea var. raffinoseutilizer (2) Aspergillus niger (3) Saccharomyces cerevisiae* d-Guar seed |
a -D-galactoside galactohydrolase |
3.2.1.22 |
90025-35-8 |
b -Glucanase |
Carbohydrase |
(1) Aspergillus niger var. (2) Bacillus subtilis var. (3) Trichoderma longibrachiatum (4) Penicillium emersonii Aspergillus oryzae var. Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
1,3-(1,3;1,4)- b -D-glucan 3(4)glucanohydrolase |
3.2.1.6 |
62213-14-3 |
Glucoamylase (Amyloglucosidase) |
Carbohydrase |
(1) Aspergillus niger var. (2) Aspergillus oryzae var. (3) Rhizopus oryzae var. (4) Rhizopus niveus (5) Rhizopus delemar |
1-4- a -D-glucan -glucohydrolase |
3.2.1.3 |
9032-08-0 |
Glucose Isomerase |
Isomerase |
(1) Actinoplanes missouriensis (2) Bacillus coagulans (3) Streptomyces olivaceus (4) Streptomyces olivochromogenes (5) Streptomyces rubiginosus* d-Streptomyces rubiginosus (6) Streptomyces murinus (7) Microbacterium arborescens Streptomyces albus |
D-xylose ketoisomerase |
5.3.1.5 |
9055-00-9 |
Glucose Oxidase |
Oxidoreductase |
(1) Aspergillus niger* d-Aspergillus niger Penicillium glaucum Penicillium notatum |
b-D-glucose: oxygen 1-oxidoreductase |
1.1.3.4 |
9001-37-0 |
Glutaminase |
Glutaminase |
Bacillus subtilis |
L-Glutaamate aminohydrolase |
3.5.1.2 |
9001-47-2 |
b-D-Glucosidase |
Carbohydrase |
(1) Aspergillus niger var. (2) Trichoderma longibrachiatum |
b -D-glucoside glucohydrolase |
3.2.1.21 |
9001-22-3 |
Hemicelluasec |
Carbohydrase |
(1) Aspergillus niger var. (2) Trichoderma longibrachiatum |
(1) a -L-arabinofuranoside arabinofuranohydrolase(2) 1,4- b -Dmannanmannanohydrolase (3) 1,3- b -D-xylan xylanohydrolase(4) 1,5- a-L-arabinan arabinofuranohydrolase (5) 1,4, b -D-Xylan xylanohydrolase |
3.2.1.55 3.2.1.78 3.2.1.32 3.2.1.99 3.2.1.8 and |
9025-56-3
|
Hesperiginase |
Carbohydrase |
Penicillium decumbens |
a -L-Rhamnoside rhamnohydrolase |
3.2.1.40 |
37288-35-0 |
Invertase |
Carbohydrase |
(1) Saccharomyces sp., (Kluyveromyces)
(2) Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
b -D-fractofuranoside fructohydrolase |
3.2.1.26 |
9001-57-4 |
Lactase |
Carbohydrase |
(1) Aspergillus niger var. (2) Aspergillus oryzae var. (3) Saccharomyces sp. (4) Candida pseudotropicalis (5) Kluyveromyces marxianus var. Lactis Bacillius spp. Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
b -D-galactoside galactohydrolase |
3.2.1.23 |
9031-11-2 |
Lipase |
Lipase |
(1) edible forestomach tissue of calves, kids, and lambs (2) animal pancreatic tissues(Bovine/Parcine pancreas) (3)Aspergillus oryzae var. (4) Aspergillus niger var. (5) Rhizomucor miehei (6) Candida rugosa (7) Candida lipolytica (8) Rhizopus delemar (9) Rhizopus oryzae (10) Rhizopus niveus (11) Penicillium roqueforti (12) Penicillium camembertii (13) Mucor javanicus |
triacylglycerol acylhydrolase |
3.1.1.3 |
9001-62-1 |
Maltogenic Amylase |
Carbohydrase |
Bacillus subtilis* d-Bacillus stearothermophilus |
1,4- a -D-glucan a -maltohydrolase |
3.2.1.133 |
9000-92-4 |
Naringinase |
Carbohydrase |
Penicillium decumbens |
a-L-Rhamnoside rhamnohydrolase |
3.2.1.40 |
37288-35-0 |
Pancreatin |
mixed; Carbohydrase Lipase, and Protease |
Bovine and Porcine Pancreatic tissue |
(1) 1,4- a -D-glucan glucanohydrolase (2) triacylglycerol acylhydrolase (3) protease |
3.2.1.1 3.1.1.3 3.4.21.4 |
9000-90-2 9001-62-1 9002-07-7 |
Papain |
Protease |
papaya: Carica papaya (L) |
none |
3.4.22.2 |
9001-73-4 |
Pectinased |
Carbohydrase |
(1) Aspergillus niger var. (2) Rhizopus oryzae var. Aspergillus ochraceus Aspergillus oryzae Anthocynase Limonoate dehydrogenose Naringinase Arthrobacter globiformis
|
(1) poly(1,4- a -D-galacturonide) glycanohydrolase (2) pectin pectylhydrolase (3) poly(1,4- a -D-galacturonide) lyase (4) pectin lyase |
3.2.1.15 3.1.1.11 4.2.2.2 4.2.2.10 |
9032-75-1 9025-98-3 9015-75-2 9033-35-6 |
Pepsin |
Protease |
Porcine or other animal Stomach tissue |
none |
3.4.23.1 3.4.23.2 |
9001-75-6 9025.48.3 |
Phospho -diesterase |
Nuclease |
Penicillium citrinum |
Oligonucleate 5'- Nucleotidohydrolase |
3.1.4.1 |
9025-82-5 |
Phospholipase |
Lipase |
(1) Animal pancreatic tissue (2) Streptomyces violaceoruber |
phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase |
3.1.1.4 |
9001-84-7 |
Phytase |
Phosphatase |
Aspergillus niger var. |
(1) myo-inositol-hexakisphosphate- 3-phosphohydrolase (2) orthophosphoric mono ester phosphohydrolase |
3.1.3.8 3.1.3.2 |
37288-11-2 9001-77-8 |
Protease (general) |
Protease |
(1) Aspergillus niger var. (2) Aspergillus oryzae var. (3) Aspergillus melleus (4) Bacillus subtilis* d-Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (5) Bacillus licheniformis var. (6) Bacillus stearothermophilus (7) Rhizopus niveus (8) Rhizopus oryzae |
none |
3.4.23.18 3.4.21.14 3.4.21.62 3.4.24.28 3.4.24.4 3.4.23.6 3.4.11.1 |
9025-49-4 9014-01-1 9014-01-1 76774-43-1 9068-59-1 9073-79-4 9001-61-0 |
Pullulanase |
Carbohydrase |
(1) Bacillus acidopullulyticus (2) Bacillus licheniformis* d-Bacillus deramificans (3) Bacillus naganoensis (4) Bacillus subtilis* d-Bacillus naganoensis (5) Bacillus circulans |
a-Dextrin 6-glucanohydrolase
Pullulan 6-glucanohydrolase |
3.2.1.41
|
9075-68-7 |
Rennet |
Protease |
(1) Fourth Stomach of Ruminant Animals (2) Endothia parasitica (3) Rhizomucor miehei (4) Rhizomucor pusillus (Lindt) (5) Bacillus cereus Mucor michei Abomasum |
none |
3.4.23.4 3.4.23.22 3.4.23.23
3.4.23.6 3.4.23.4 |
9001-98-3 37205-60-0 148465-73-0 |
Trans-glucosidase |
Glucanotransferase |
Aspergillus niger |
1,4- a -D-glucan 4- a D-glycosyltransferase |
2.4.1.25 |
9032-09-1 |
Trypsin |
Protease |
Animal Pancreas (Bovine/Porcine pancreas) |
none |
3.4.21.4 |
9002-07-7 |
Urease |
Urease |
Lactobacillus fermentium Canavalia ensiformis seed Bacillus spp. |
none |
3.5.1.5 |
9002-13-5 |
Xylanase |
Carbohydrase |
(1) Trichoderma longibrachiatum* d-Trichoderma longibrachiatum (2) Aspergillus niger var. awamori* d-Aspergillus var. |
endo-1,4- b -xylanase |
3.2.1.8 |
9025-57-4 |
*The asterisk indicates a genetically modified organism. The donor organism is listed after "d-."*The asterisk indicates a genetically modified organism. The donor organism is listed after "d-."