Enzymes Used In Food Processing (as compiled by the ETA Members)

  Following is a list of enzymes used in food processing.Many are also listed in the Food Chemicals Codex.

Enzyme Preparations Used in Food Processing

TRIVIAL   NAME

CLASS

SOURCE

SYSTEMATIC NAMES (IUB)a

IUB NO.a

CAS

NO.b

 

α -Amylase

 

Carbohydrase

(1)  Aspergillus niger var.

(2)  Aspergillus oryzae var.

(3)  Rhizopus oryzae var.

(4)  Bacillus subtilis*

 d-Bacillus subtilis 

 d-Bacillus subtilis

(5)  Barley malt(Malted Cereals)

(6) Animal Pancreas

(7)  Bacillus licheniformis*

  d-Bacillus licheniformis  

  d-Bacillus licheniformis

(8)  Bacillus stearothermophilus

(9)  Bacillus subtilis*

  d-Bacillus megaterium

(10)  Bacillus subtilis*

  d-Bacillus stearothermophilus  

  d-Bacillus stearothermophilus

(11) Microbacterium

imperiale

       Endomyces spp.

 

1,4-a -D-glucan glucanohydrolase

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3.2.1.1

 

9000-90-2

Amino-peptidase

Protease

Rhizopus oryzae

a -Aminoacyl-peptide hydrolase

3.4.11.11

 

AMP Deaminase

Adenosine Deaminase

Aspergillus melleus

AMP aminohydrolase

3.5.4.6

9025-10-9

beta-Amylase

Carbohydrase

(1) Barley Malt

(2) Barley

(3) Malted Cereals,Wheat

     Bacillus megaterium

     Bacillus cereus

1,4- a -D-glucan

maltohydrolase

3.2.1.2

9000-91-3

 

Bromelain

Protease

Pineapples: Ananas Comosus

Ananas Bracteatus (L) Ananas bracteatus (L)

none

3.4.22.32

3.4.22.33

37189-34-7

9001-00-7

Catalase

Oxidoreductase

(1) Aspergillus niger*

d-Aspergillus niger

(2) bovine liver

(3) Micrococcus lysodeikticus

     Penicillium spp.

hydrogen peroxide:

hydrogen peroxide

oxidoreductase

1.11.1.6

9001-05-2

Cellulase

Carbohydrase

(1) Aspergillus niger var.

(2) Trichoderma longibrachiatum

(formerly reesei)

(3) Trichoderma viride()

      Aspergillus sojae

     Penicillium spp.

     Penicillium funiculasum

Endo-1,4-(1,3;1,4)-b -D-glucan 4-glucanohydrolase

3.2.1.4

9012-54-8

Chymosin

Protease

(1) Aspergillus niger var.

awamori*

d-calf prochymosin gene

(2) Escherichia coli K-12*

d-calf prochymosin gene

(3) Kluyveromyces marxianus*

d-calf prochymosin gene

   Abomasum of unweaned calf,lamb,kid

 

cleaves a single bond in kappa

casein

3.4.23.4

9001-98-3

Chymotrypsin

Protease

  Bovine or porcine

  Pancreatic extract

none

3.4.21.1

9004-07-3

Dextranase

Carbohydrase

(1) Chaetomium erraticum

 Penicillium funicinum

 Penicillium lilacinum

Klebsiella aeragenes

 

1,6- a -D-glucan  6-glucanohydrolase

3.2.1.11

9025-70-1

Ficin

 Protease

figs: Ficus sp.

none

3.4.22.3

9001-33-6

a -Galactosidase

Carbohydrase

(1) Mortierella vinacea var.

raffinoseutilizer

(2) Aspergillus niger

(3) Saccharomyces cerevisiae*

d-Guar seed

 a -D-galactoside

  galactohydrolase

3.2.1.22

90025-35-8

b -Glucanase

Carbohydrase

(1) Aspergillus niger var.

(2) Bacillus subtilis var.

(3) Trichoderma longibrachiatum

(4) Penicillium emersonii

    Aspergillus oryzae var.

    Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1,3-(1,3;1,4)- b -D-glucan

3(4)glucanohydrolase

3.2.1.6

62213-14-3

Glucoamylase

(Amyloglucosidase)

Carbohydrase

(1) Aspergillus niger var.

(2) Aspergillus oryzae var.

(3) Rhizopus oryzae var.

(4) Rhizopus niveus

(5) Rhizopus delemar

1-4- a -D-glucan

-glucohydrolase

3.2.1.3

9032-08-0

Glucose Isomerase

Isomerase

(1) Actinoplanes missouriensis

(2) Bacillus coagulans

(3) Streptomyces olivaceus

(4) Streptomyces olivochromogenes

(5) Streptomyces rubiginosus*

d-Streptomyces rubiginosus

(6) Streptomyces murinus

(7) Microbacterium arborescens

     Streptomyces albus

 

D-xylose ketoisomerase

5.3.1.5

9055-00-9

Glucose Oxidase

Oxidoreductase

(1) Aspergillus niger*

d-Aspergillus niger

    Penicillium glaucum

   Penicillium notatum

b-D-glucose: oxygen

1-oxidoreductase

1.1.3.4

9001-37-0

Glutaminase

Glutaminase

   Bacillus subtilis

L-Glutaamate aminohydrolase

3.5.1.2

9001-47-2

b-D-Glucosidase

Carbohydrase

(1) Aspergillus niger var.

(2) Trichoderma longibrachiatum

b -D-glucoside glucohydrolase

3.2.1.21

9001-22-3

Hemicelluasec

Carbohydrase

(1) Aspergillus niger var.

(2) Trichoderma longibrachiatum

(1) a -L-arabinofuranoside

arabinofuranohydrolase(2) 1,4- b -Dmannanmannanohydrolase                            (3) 1,3- b -D-xylan xylanohydrolase(4) 1,5- a-L-arabinan arabinofuranohydrolase                (5) 1,4, b -D-Xylan xylanohydrolase

3.2.1.55

3.2.1.78

3.2.1.32

3.2.1.99

3.2.1.8 and
3.2.1.37

9025-56-3

 

 

 

Hesperiginase

Carbohydrase

Penicillium decumbens

a -L-Rhamnoside rhamnohydrolase

3.2.1.40

37288-35-0

Invertase

Carbohydrase

(1) Saccharomyces sp., (Kluyveromyces)

 

 

(2) Saccharomyces cerevisiae

 b -D-fractofuranoside

fructohydrolase

3.2.1.26

9001-57-4

Lactase

Carbohydrase

(1) Aspergillus niger var.

(2) Aspergillus oryzae var.

(3) Saccharomyces sp.

(4) Candida pseudotropicalis

(5) Kluyveromyces marxianus var. Lactis

    Bacillius spp.

    Saccharomyces cerevisiae

 

 b -D-galactoside

 galactohydrolase

3.2.1.23

9031-11-2

Lipase

Lipase

(1)  edible forestomach tissue of calves,  kids, and lambs

(2) animal pancreatic tissues(Bovine/Parcine pancreas)

(3)Aspergillus oryzae var.

(4) Aspergillus niger var.

(5)  Rhizomucor miehei

(6)  Candida rugosa

(7)  Candida lipolytica

(8)  Rhizopus delemar

(9)  Rhizopus oryzae

(10) Rhizopus niveus

(11) Penicillium roqueforti

(12) Penicillium camembertii

(13) Mucor javanicus

 

triacylglycerol acylhydrolase

3.1.1.3

9001-62-1

Maltogenic Amylase

Carbohydrase

  Bacillus subtilis*

d-Bacillus stearothermophilus

1,4- a -D-glucan a -maltohydrolase

3.2.1.133

9000-92-4

Naringinase

Carbohydrase

  Penicillium decumbens

a-L-Rhamnoside

 rhamnohydrolase

3.2.1.40

37288-35-0

Pancreatin

mixed; Carbohydrase

Lipase, and Protease

  Bovine and Porcine         

  Pancreatic tissue

(1) 1,4- a -D-glucan

glucanohydrolase

(2) triacylglycerol acylhydrolase

(3) protease

3.2.1.1

3.1.1.3

3.4.21.4

9000-90-2

9001-62-1

9002-07-7

Papain

Protease

  papaya: Carica papaya (L)

none

3.4.22.2

9001-73-4

Pectinased

Carbohydrase

(1) Aspergillus niger var.

(2) Rhizopus oryzae var.

 Aspergillus ochraceus

Aspergillus oryzae

Anthocynase

Limonoate dehydrogenose

Naringinase

Arthrobacter globiformis

 

(1) poly(1,4- a -D-galacturonide)

glycanohydrolase

(2) pectin pectylhydrolase

(3) poly(1,4- a -D-galacturonide)

lyase

(4) pectin lyase

 

3.2.1.15

3.1.1.11

4.2.2.2

4.2.2.10

9032-75-1

9025-98-3

9015-75-2

9033-35-6

Pepsin

Protease

Porcine or other animal Stomach tissue

none

3.4.23.1

3.4.23.2

9001-75-6

9025.48.3

Phospho -diesterase

Nuclease

Penicillium citrinum

Oligonucleate 5'-

Nucleotidohydrolase

3.1.4.1

9025-82-5

Phospholipase

Lipase

(1) Animal pancreatic tissue

(2) Streptomyces violaceoruber

phosphatidylcholine

2-acylhydrolase

3.1.1.4

9001-84-7

Phytase

Phosphatase

Aspergillus niger var.

(1) myo-inositol-hexakisphosphate-

3-phosphohydrolase

(2) orthophosphoric mono ester

phosphohydrolase

 

3.1.3.8

3.1.3.2

 

37288-11-2

9001-77-8

Protease (general)

Protease

(1) Aspergillus niger var.

(2) Aspergillus oryzae var.

(3) Aspergillus melleus

(4) Bacillus subtilis*

d-Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

(5) Bacillus licheniformis var.

(6) Bacillus stearothermophilus

(7) Rhizopus niveus

(8) Rhizopus oryzae

none

3.4.23.18

3.4.21.14

3.4.21.62

3.4.24.28

3.4.24.4

3.4.23.6

3.4.11.1

9025-49-4

9014-01-1

9014-01-1

76774-43-1

9068-59-1

9073-79-4

9001-61-0

Pullulanase

Carbohydrase

(1) Bacillus acidopullulyticus

(2) Bacillus licheniformis*

d-Bacillus deramificans

(3) Bacillus naganoensis

(4) Bacillus subtilis*

d-Bacillus naganoensis

(5) Bacillus circulans

a-Dextrin 6-glucanohydrolase

 

 

 

Pullulan 6-glucanohydrolase

 

3.2.1.41

 

 

 

 

 

 

9075-68-7

Rennet

Protease

(1) Fourth Stomach of Ruminant Animals

(2) Endothia parasitica

(3) Rhizomucor miehei

(4) Rhizomucor pusillus (Lindt)

(5) Bacillus cereus

    Mucor michei

   Abomasum

none

3.4.23.4

3.4.23.22

3.4.23.23

 

 

 

3.4.23.6

3.4.23.4

9001-98-3

37205-60-0

148465-73-0

Trans-glucosidase

Glucanotransferase

   Aspergillus niger

1,4- a -D-glucan

  4- a D-glycosyltransferase

2.4.1.25

9032-09-1

Trypsin

Protease

Animal Pancreas

(Bovine/Porcine pancreas)

none

3.4.21.4

9002-07-7

Urease

Urease

Lactobacillus fermentium

 Canavalia ensiformis seed

  Bacillus spp.

none

3.5.1.5

9002-13-5

Xylanase

Carbohydrase

(1) Trichoderma longibrachiatum*

d-Trichoderma longibrachiatum

(2) Aspergillus niger var. awamori*

d-Aspergillus var.

endo-1,4- b -xylanase

3.2.1.8

9025-57-4

 

Enzyme Nomenclature: recommendations (1992) of the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Biochemistry, Academic Press, New York, 1992.

Chemical Abstract Service Registry Number

Usually a mixture of polygalacturonate hydrolase, arabinosidase, mannosidase, and xylanase.

Usually a mixture of pectin depolymerase, pectin methylesterase, pectate lyase, and pectin lyase.

 

*The asterisk indicates a genetically modified organism. The donor organism is listed after "d-."*The asterisk indicates a genetically modified organism. The donor organism is listed after "d-."